Iranian International Journal Of Social Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 1, Winter 2016

Non-verbal communication or body messaging occurs when facial expressions, tone of voice, head and neck movements, smiling and ... affects others; which may be intentional or unintentional. Farhangi in nonverbal communication: the art of using movement and sound” defines this field as such: "Non-verbal communication is phonetic and non-phonetic messages which have been explained by other than language and linguistics means.” (P. 22) News presenters while informing, use nonverbal communication alongside verbal. Because of Announcers’ final role in news production process, they play an important role in influencing minds, persuasion and public opinion shaping. News as the most important output of media need formidable speakers so that the end result can be satisfying. This paper’s aim is studying the nonverbal and non-phonetic factors of presenters in news processes; and its’ influence in shaping and directing the public opinion, understanding the intended agenda of media and its’ role in running tactics and strategies. In this research the survey method was used. The study population was 300 master students of the Tehran central branch of Islamic Azad University. The sample population was 168 students which were calculated through Cochran's formula. Among the 168 distributed questionnaires, 150 responses were received and the results of the research are based on this quantity. The results of this study show that the audiences of news programs believe that the news presenters face attraction is top priority, and they believe that the face can affect the audiences’ absorption by the program. Other non-verbal variables studied in the study are Phonetic signs. The students believe that the presenters can grant positive or negative orientation to the News keywords through phonetic signs and specific tones. Hence convey media’s desired meaning to the audience. According to the survey, respondents believe that news presenters know about the non-verbal factors affecting the audience; and they use meta-linguistic and nonverbal factors consciously, deliberately to influencing the audience.

Nigeria has been facing the immense challenge of international trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation and forced labor into countries in Europe, Asia and Africa. Being an international criminal activity driven by high profits, Nigeria's adoption of a regulatory policy is expressed in the series of legal provisions to deal with the army of traffickers. In desperation, within a space of 12 years, Nigeria has churned out two legal frameworks (one now repealed) owing to the enormity of the inhuman effects of the modern slave trade to her citizenry locally and internationally. This paper has attempted a critical appraisal of the legal frameworks, especially the new law - the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition, Enforcement and Administration) Act 2015 - to expose strengths, contradictions and weaknesses. It has also highlighted the operational reality that unless the pervasive corruption amongst personnel of government agencies and security outfits aiding traffickers in illegal migration of victims is tackled, and a positive synergy developed between Nigeria's Immigration Service and the anti-trafficking agency, NAPTIP, Nigeria's success in reducing on-going trafficking in persons may be very minimal.

This paper aims to probe international tourists' intention to revisit Iran using survey research method. Asian and European tourists constitute the research's statistical population. The data needed were collected from 200 respondents chosen on the basis of convenience sampling method. The data analysis revealed no difference between tourists’ economic-social attributes and their propensity to revisit Iran among the both groups of the respondents. However, the data indicated that the quality of services and facilities particularly transportation and accommodation have an important impact on stimulating the respondents to revisit Iran. Contrary to prevailing belief, the data did not find any significant relationship between some Islamic codes, i.e. hijab etc., and the tendency to revisit Iran. Nevertheless, such variables as the respondents' pre-knowledge and Iranians’ hospitality significantly affect the respondents' intention to visit Iran in the future. The research concluded that improving the quality of services and conducting proper propaganda, via using globally used popular media, to enhance tourists' image of the country simultaneously should be at the top of any attempt to develop the country's tourism industry.

As industrial processes have changed with the advent of e-commerce, banking industry, in turn, has changed. Implementation of electronic banking in any country requires different infrastructures including its material and human resources that the growth of technology and innovation in banks on the one hand, have increased the speed and quality of operations and services, and on the other hand, the development of social indicators of human resources have been in a modern setting. Thus, organizational accountability is one of the requirements of the modern age of human resource development indicators, which improves working life situation and the quality of business environment and improving the productivity level and organizational excellence. So the aim of this study was to investigate the affecting factors on the employee’s accountability of Electronic banking industry of Refah Bank. The research method is survey. Statistical population included all employees of Refah Bank in Tehran that the 400 number using Cochran formula and with systematic random sampling were questioned. Results of the analysis showed that between the variables of employee’s activity history, social cohesion, job satisfaction, sense of security of workspace, rule of law and a sense of equity in payments. There is a positive and significant relationship between employee’s accountability that as a result all of the hypotheses were confirmed.

The question, Do men and women use language differently played a central part in the emergence of feminist socio linguistics more than two decades ago, and it casts a long shadow. This paper focuses on the literature that has contributed to the understanding of the major research questions underlying two major strands, language and gender, concentrating on the development of the literature from the deficit and dominance models to the social constructivist era of post-modernism in order to provide a context for recent developments in language and gender theories. This article tries to investigate the social cognition of gender and language.

The fashion and increase of consumers cultural is an important problem. This paper studies the effective Socio-Cultural Factors on the fashion trends among the girl student’s in Andimeshk. About 200 girls in Andimeshk (South west of Iran) were randomly chosen. The research method was survey and correlation with questionnaire. The data were analyzed through SPSS package along with Pearson coefficient correlation, Spearman coefficient correlation, ANOVA, multivariable regression and path analysis as well. There is a positive relationship between foreign mass media, self-tendency and imitation rate with the fashion trends. There is a negative relationship between religion with depend variable. There isn't a relationship between mass media and social class with fashion trends. The multivariable regression analysis shows that the independent variables explain 52.1% of changes in fashion trends. Variables like self-tendency, foreign mass media and imitation rate have the most influence on dependent variable. The direct, indirect and total influence on depend variable were 0.86, 0.37 and 1.23.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate effects of self-leadership strategies on staff creativity of government departments of Kabood Rahang region, Iran. This descriptive study has been correlative and applied in terms of nature. Statistical population of this study includes a number of employees of government departments of Kabood Rahang Province that are 800 members and 260 members have been chosen among them as sample size using MORGAN and KERJCIE table. Data collection tools of study include two questionnaires: standard questionnaire of self-leadership (Hufton and Neck) that includes 35 questions based on the LIKERT scale with 0/74 validity and reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0/77, and questionnaire of staff creativity (Doorabji et al) that includes 48 questions with confirmed validity by experts and reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0/8. Dispersion and central indices have been used along with appropriate diagrams in order to conduct descriptive statistics, and diagram tests (foliage and box) have been applied within inferential statistics in order to estimate hypotheses and to obtain required values for statistical analysis. Pearson correlation test has been used to assess normality of variables and to determine the relationship between variable under the circumstance of normality, and finally, regression has been applied to predict dependent variable based on the independent variable through SPSS 22 software. The obtained results of this study indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between self-leadership strategies and creativity of staff of government departments in Kabbod rahang region, Iran. In other words, the higher the strategies of selfleadership, the more staff creativity will be. Meanwhile, strategies of natural reward and constructive thinking among self-leadership strategies have had the most effect while behavior strategies have had the least effect.